Class 12 Biology Chapter 7: Evolution – 100 MCQs with Answers
1. Who is called the ‘Father of Evolution’?
Answer: B) Darwin
2. Concept of ‘Use and Disuse’ was proposed by:
Answer: C) Lamarck
3. The book “Origin of Species” was published in:
Answer: C) 1859
4. The ‘theory of inheritance of acquired characters’ was given by:
Answer: B) Lamarck
5. Genetic drift was first explained by:
Answer: C) Sewall Wright
6. The best evidence of organic evolution is provided by:
Answer: C) Palaeontology
7. The organ of wisdom teeth is an example of:
Answer: B) Vestigial organ
8. Wings of bat and bird exemplify:
Answer: C) Homologous organs
9. The finches of Galapagos Islands are famous for:
Answer: A) Adaptive radiation
10. Natural selection acts on:
Answer: C) Heritable variation
11. Mutation theory was given by:
Answer: A) Hugo de Vries
12. Industrial melanism is an example of:
Answer: C) Natural selection
13. Hardy-Weinberg principle describes:
Answer: B) Genetic equilibrium
14. In Hardy-Weinberg equation, p2 represents:
Answer: B) Frequency of homozygous dominant
15. Fossils are mostly found in:
Answer: B) Sedimentary rocks
16. Connecting link between reptiles and birds:
Answer: A) Archaeopteryx
17. Which is called living fossil?
Answer: C) Limulus
18. The genetic makeup of an organism is:
Answer: B) Genotype
19. The idea of ‘survival of the fittest’ was proposed by:
Answer: C) Spencer
20. The term ‘Punctuated equilibrium’ was proposed by:
Answer: A) Eldredge and Gould
21. Example of atavism:
Answer: B) Tail in human
22. Adaptive radiation means:
Answer: A) Same ancestor, different habitats
23. Genetic variation is mainly by:
Answer: B) Mutation
24. The organ shared by fish and amphibians (in embryo):
Answer: C) Gills
25. Most accepted theory of origin of life:
Answer: D) Oparin-Haldane
26. Who experimentally proved abiogenesis incorrect?
Answer: A) Pasteur
27. Primitive atmosphere was rich in:
Answer: C) H2, CH4, NH3
28. The first living forms were:
Answer: B) Coacervates
29. The first life evolved in:
Answer: A) Sea
30. Miller and Urey simulated conditions of:
Answer: A) Primitive earth
31. Homologous organs have:
Answer: B) Different function, same origin
32. Analogous organs have:
Answer: A) Same function, different origin
33. Archaeopteryx is a connecting link between:
Answer: A) Birds and reptiles
34. Evolutionary history of organism is:
Answer: B) Phylogeny
35. The theory of natural selection fails to explain:
Answer: A) Origin of variations
36. Example of connecting link is:
Answer: A) Peripatus
37. Who proposed the germplasm theory?
Answer: A) Weismann
38. The theory of catastrophism was given by:
Answer: A) Cuvier
39. A population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will have:
Answer: A) Constant gene frequencies
40. Genetic drift is prominent in:
Answer: B) Small populations
41. Extinction of dinosaurs occurred in:
Answer: A) Cretaceous
42. The theory of chemical evolution was given by:
Answer: A) Oparin
43. The process favouring average phenotype is:
Answer: A) Stabilizing selection
44. Which of the following animal is not a living fossil?
Answer: C) Archaeopteryx
45. CAAT box is a feature of:
Answer: B) Eukaryotic promoter
46. Current era is known as:
Answer: B) Cenozoic
47. Paleontology deals with:
Answer: A) Fossils
48. The smallest unit of evolution is:
Answer: B) Population
49. Homology in vertebrate limbs proves:
Answer: A) Common ancestry
50. The first oxygenic photosynthetic organisms were:
Answer: A) Cyanobacteria
51. The first widely accepted theory of evolution:
Answer: B) Natural selection
52. Natural selection is not possible without:
Answer: A) Variation
53. Bottleneck effect is a type of:
Answer: A) Genetic drift
54. Analogous structures are due to:
Answer: B) Convergent evolution
55. The age of fossils can be determined by:
Answer: D) All of these
56. Human evolutionary tree is called:
Answer: C) Phylogenetic tree
57. Cro-Magnon man was found in:
Answer: A) France
58. The genetic code is:
Answer: A) Triplet
59. Recapitulation theory says:
Answer: A) Ontogeny repeats phylogeny
60. The closest living relative of man is:
Answer: C) Chimpanzee
61. Hominid with largest cranial capacity:
Answer: B) Cro-Magnon
62. The first upright man:
Answer: B) Homo erectus
63. The first hominid to use tools:
Answer: C) Homo habilis
64. Allopatric speciation occurs due to:
Answer: B) Geographic isolation
65. Neanderthal man lived in:
Answer: B) Europe
66. Direct ancestor of modern man:
Answer: B) Cro-Magnon
67. Which is called Java man?
Answer: C) Homo erectus
68. Modern man is called:
Answer: A) Homo sapiens
69. The term ‘genetic equilibrium’ means:
Answer: A) No evolution
70. The evidence for endosymbiotic theory:
Answer: C) Both
71. Founder effect is a type of:
Answer: C) Genetic drift
72. The ‘RNA world’ hypothesis suggests:
Answer: C) RNA evolved first
73. Common ancestor of human and ape split about:
Answer: C) 6 million years ago
74. Which era is known as the “age of reptiles”?
Answer: A) Mesozoic
75. The process of new species formation is called:
Answer: A) Speciation
76. The earliest ancestor of man:
Answer: A) Australopithecus
77. The fossil Lucy represents:
Answer: A) Australopithecus
78. Evolution by natural selection depends on:
Answer: D) All
79. The age of man is:
Answer: B) Pleistocene
80. Forelimbs of man, bat, and whale are:
Answer: A) Homologous
81. Genetic recombination occurs during:
Answer: B) Meiosis
82. Mutation is a:
Answer: A) Sudden inheritable change
83. Most mutations are:
Answer: A) Harmful
84. The theory that “ontogeny repeats phylogeny” is by:
Answer: A) Haeckel
85. The evidence for organic evolution derived from blood grouping is:
Answer: A) Serological evidence
86. Giraffe’s neck according to Lamarck is:
Answer: A) Acquired character
87. The first cells were probably:
Answer: B) Chemoheterotrophic
88. Reptilian characters in Archaeopteryx include:
Answer: A) Teeth
89. Mendel is known as:
Answer: B) Father of genetics
90. Appearance of different alleles in the gene pool is called:
Answer: A) Mutation
91. Human and chimpanzee DNA similarity is about:
Answer: C) 98%
92. The evolutionary history of horse is best known by:
Answer: A) Skeleton fossils
93. Closest African ape to man:
Answer: C) Bonobo
94. The first mammals evolved in:
Answer: A) Triassic
95. Genetic drift operates in:
Answer: A) Small population
96. Study of fossils is called:
Answer: A) Paleontology
97. Red data book lists:
Answer: A) Endangered species
98. Variation that occurs due to environment is:
Answer: A) Acquired
99. “Origin of Species” theory is based on:
Answer: D) All of these
100. Evolution is a:
Answer: A) Slow process